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Thread: Hosni Mubarak Sentenced to Life In Prison

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    Hosni Mubarak Sentenced to Life In Prison

    Former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak went on trial Wednesday for conspiring to kill protesters who drove him from office on February 11 after 30 years at the helm.

    Here is a timeline on Mubarak during his 30 years in office:

    October 6, 1981 - Vice-President Mubarak is thrust into office when Islamists gun down President Anwar Sadat at a military parade. He is approved as president in a referendum in November.

    February 1986 - Police, many of them conscripts, riot over work conditions. More than 100 people are killed and hotels and other buildings are burned. The army quashes the mutiny.

    June 26, 1995 - Gunmen attack Mubarak's car as he arrives at an African summit in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa. He is unhurt and returns to Egypt.

    November 17, 1997 - Islamist militant group al-Gama'a al-Islamiya (Islamic Group) kills 58 tourists and four Egyptians at an ancient temple near Luxor. It is the most dramatic act in a 1990s rebellion by Islamists seeking to establish an Islamic state. It is eventually crushed by state security.

    June 2004 - Mubarak has successful back surgery in Germany and resumes powers he briefly handed to his prime minister.

    March 2005 - Street protests by the Kefaya (Enough) Movement draw hundreds across Egypt to oppose a fifth six-year term for Mubarak or any attempt to install his son Gamal in his place.

    May 11, 2005 - Parliament votes to change the constitution to allow contested presidential elections, dismissing opposition complaints that strict rules would prevent genuine competition.

    September 27, 2005 - Mubarak is sworn in for a fifth consecutive term after winning the first multi-candidate presidential poll on September 7. Rights groups say the vote was marred by abuses. His closest rival, Ayman Nour, comes a distant second and is later jailed on charges he says are politically motivated.

    December 8, 2005 - The Muslim Brotherhood wins 20 percent of the seats in parliament, its best showing. Rights groups say the vote was marred by abuses to ensure Mubarak's ruling party retains a big majority.

    April 2008 - Riots erupt in a number of cities over wages, rising prices and shortages of subsidized bread.

    March 27, 2010 - Mubarak reassumes presidential powers after three weeks recovering from gallbladder surgery in Germany.

    November 29, 2010 - A parliamentary election virtually eliminates opposition to Mubarak's ruling party in the assembly before a 2011 presidential vote. The Brotherhood and several other opposition groups boycott the vote.

    January 25, 2011 - Anti-government protests begin across the country, driven by discontent over poverty and repression.

    January 28 - Mubarak orders troops and tanks into cities overnight to quell the demonstrations.

    January 31 - Egypt swears in a new government. New Vice-President Omar Suleiman says Mubarak has asked him to start dialogue with all political forces.

    February 6 - Opposition groups, including the banned Brotherhood, hold talks with the government, chaired by the vice-president.

    February 10 - Mubarak says national dialogue underway, transfers powers to vice-president but he refuses to leave office immediately. Protesters in Cairo's Tahrir Square are enraged.

    February 11 - Mubarak steps down and a military council takes control, Vice President Omar Suleiman says on state television.

    April 12 - Mubarak is hospitalized after being questioned by prosecutors. The next day, Egypt orders Mubarak detained for questioning on accusations he abused his power, embezzled funds and had protesters killed.

    May 24 - Mubarak is ordered to stand trial for his role in killing protesters and other crimes. If convicted, he could face the death penalty.

    August 3 - The ailing Mubarak, wheeled into a courtroom cage in Cairo on a bed to face trial, denies the charges against him. His two sons, Gamal and Alaa, also deny the charges. On trial with them are the former interior minister, six other senior police officers and Mubarak confidant Hussein Salem. Salem has fled the country.

    http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/...77220D20110803

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    Trial of Egypt’s ousted leader Hosni Mubarak postponed until Dec. 28

    The trial of Egypt’s ousted leader Hosni Mubarak on charges of complicity in the killing of more than 800 protesters this year has been adjourned until Dec. 28.

    The adjournment ordered Sunday was to allow time for another court to rule on a request by lawyers for the victims to remove the three-judge panel in Mubarak’s trial. That ruling is expected on Nov. 3.

    Mubarak, his two sons, his former security chief and six top police officers sat in the defendants’ cage for Sunday’s 10-minute hearing. If convicted, Mubarak could face the death penalty. Mubarak and his sons also face corruption charges.

    An 18-day uprising forced Mubarak to step down Feb. 11.

    http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/...sVM_story.html

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    Egyptian court rejects request to change judges in Mubarak trial, trial to resume Dec. 28

    An Egyptian court has turned down a request by lawyers to appoint a new panel of judges in the trial of ousted leader Hosni Mubarak.

    Lawyers representing the families of protesters killed during the uprising filed the request in September after the head of the military council that took power after Mubarak’s fall testified in closed-door session.

    The court did not immediately explain Wednesday why it rejected the lawyers’ request.

    Mubarak is charged with complicity in the deaths of nearly 840 protesters in the crackdown against the uprising, which ended with his ouster on Feb. 11. He could face the death penalty if convicted.

    The trial to resume on Dec. 28.

    http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/...BcO_story.html

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    Tight security for Mubarak’s trial

    CAIRO - Security forces are doing their best to secure the trial of ousted president Hosni Mubarak, his two sons, Alaa and Gamal, former interior minister Habib el-Adli and six of his senior officers. The trial is due to resume on Wednesday.

    Mubarak and the other accused are charged with giving orders to kill protesters in Tahrir Square during January 25 Revolution. They also are accused in other cases.
    Police are working with the Army on a traffic and security plan for the trial, with the Interior Ministry deploying more than 5,000 policemen from different sectors, the official Middle East News Agency (MENA) reports.
    The plan will involve securing the transfer of Mubarak from the World Medical Centre and his sons from Tora Prison to the Police Academy in New Cairo, where the trial will be held, and back again.
    More than 30 armoured vehicles will participate in the operation, whose aim is to prevent thugs and outlaws from getting near the Academy.
    Only the first two sessions of the trial of Mubarak and his followers have been aired.
    Meanwhile, Youssri Abdel-Razeq, one of Mubarak’s volunteer lawyers, said on Monday that the recent clashes between troops and protesters in Mohamed Mahmoud Street and the Cabinet Street in central Cairo, leaving tens dead and more than 1,000 injured, may help them prove that Mubarak is innocent of killing protesters.
    Abdel-Razeq added that, during the three months since the last session of the trial was held, they have found documents and eyewitnesses to confirm that protesters were killed by only one type of weapon and the sniping protesters were all in the same place.
    He stressed that these proofs have been reached inside and outside Egypt. According to investigative reports, some people inside Egypt have been co-operating with some foreigners via Facebook to destabilise the country.
    “These same people stole ambulances and police cars and used to run over protesters last January. They helped convicts escape from prison and torched police stations, on the orders of Hizbollah, the Palestinian Al-Qassam Brigades and the Muslim Brotherhood,” Abdel-Razeq claimed, adding that the trial sessions will be held every day until the case has finished.
    A group of Kuwaiti lawyers are due to fly to on Monday to defend Mubarak, who is charged with complicity in the killings.
    If convicted, he could face the death penalty and many people would be satisfied with this. The families of the martyrs and injured are demanding retribution for their sons and daughters.
    Since the toppling of Mubarak, protests have been continuing daily in Tahrir Square, where several hundred protesters have set up camp. Some are demanding the Army bring forward the presidential vote to as early as January 25, the first anniversary of the uprising that ousted him.

    http://213.158.162.45/~egyptian/inde...80%99s%20trial

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    Mubarak trial resumes amid acquittal speculation

    The trial of Hosni Mubarak resumed on Monday amid speculation that a recent acquittal of policemen tried for killing Egyptian protesters could be a prelude to the dismissal of charges against the ousted leader. Mubarak faces charges of complicity in the killing of more than 800 protesters during last year's uprising that toppled his 29-year regime. The 83-year-old ailing Mubarak was brought by helicopter to the Cairo courthouse from a hospital where he is held in custody. He was then taken into the defendants' cage on a gurney, wearing dark sunglasses and covered by a green blanket. Another Cairo court on Thursday acquitted five policemen of charges of killing five protesters during the Jan. 25-Feb. 11 uprising in the capital's district of el-Sayedah Zeinab. The court said three of the defendants were not at the site of the killings while the other two fired against protesters in self defense. The ruling angered families of the victims. Activists demanded that the killers be brought to justice and complained that similar cases are languishing in courts in several Egyptian cities. On trial with Mubarak are his two sons, Gamal, his one-time heir apparent, and Alaa, along with the ousted leader's former security chief and six top police commanders. The Mubaraks face additional corruption charges in the same case. The trial began Aug. 3 but has since been bogged down in procedural matters, including a demand by lawyers for the victims that the presiding judge, Ahmed Rifaat, be removed. That request alone took a separate court about three months to rule on. The acquittal of the police officers in el-Sayedah Zeinab and the relatively long time the Mubarak trial is taking before even starting to deal with the core of the charges against him have led many activists to brand the proceedings a farce, organized by the generals who took over power when the longtime leader was ousted. The generals are led by Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, Mubarak's defense minister for the last 20 years he spent in office. The activists believe the generals remain beholden to the Mubarak regime, and only placed the former president and his two sons under arrest after mounting pressure by protesters. The Mubaraks were arrested in April, two months after the ouster of the regime. Activists believe this was long enough for the three to conceal evidence of their alleged involvement in either the killings or corruption.

    Read more here: http://www.charlotteobserver.com/201...#storylink=cpy

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    PROSECUTION ASKS FOR DEATH PENALTY FOR MUBARAK

    Cairo - Al Arabiya has reported that the prosecution has asked for the death penalty for former President Hosni Mubarak and for the Minister of the Interior Habib al-Adly and six of his aides. They are charged with not having avoided the death of protesters on January 25th 2011 and the days that followed during street protests held in Cairo and in other cities.
    According to the prosecution, Mubarak did not give the order to kill them, but he did not prevent the Minister of the Interior from ordering troops to shoot into the crowds and did not remove him from office when informed. The prosecutions believes there is irrefutable evidence that the minister is guilty as testified by high-ranking officials from the ministry.
    According to the prosecution, the Minister of the Interior's strategy was to attack protesters with all means.

    http://www.agi.it/english-version/wo...ty_for_mubarak

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    'Egypt's Mubarak asked world leaders to save him from execution'

    Deposed Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak sent letters to nine world leaders with whom he had friendly relations, requesting help for him and his family, the Egyptian Al-Yusuf newspaper reported on Saturday.

    Mubarak asked for help in preventing Egyptian authorities from executing him as well as aid in getting his wife and sons out of Egypt.

    Such letters were sent to the leaders of the United States, France, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Italy and Lebanon.

    In the letters, Mubarak said that his family members were not connected to the crimes he has been accused of.

    Meanwhile, Mubarak's wife, Suzanne, went to authorities in Cairo and asked to depart the country to Switzerland in order to receive medical checks and clarify the situation of her family's financial accounts in Europe, which were frozen after the revolution in Egypt last year.

    Mubarak is currently on trial in Cairo. The prosecution is seeking the death penalty for the former president, who has been charged with responsibility for the deaths of more than 850 protesters during the revolution that ousted the Mubarak regime a year ago.

    The defense has rejected these claims and a few days ago argued that Mubarak is still technically president of Egypt and therefore should enjoy immunity from prosecution.

    http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-e...ution-1.409684

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    Egypt’s court to set date for issuing final verdict in trial of Mubarak, sons, aides

    Egypt’s Cairo Criminal Court on Wednesday will set the date for issuing the verdict in the trial of former president Hosni Mubarak, his two sons Alaa and Gamal, former interior minister Habib al-Adly and six of his aides, who are accused of graft as well as killing protesters during the January 2011 uprising.

    More than 850 people were killed in the uprising that forced Mubarak to step down on Feb. 11, 2011. A military council has been ruling the country since then.

    Mubarak is the first Arab leader to be put on trial by the people in modern history.

    The date of the verdict is expected to be announced by Judge Ahmed Refaat, head of the Cairo Criminal Court, who is the presiding judge in the famous trial, dubbed as “Trial of the Century.”

    The court on Tuesday refused to consider a lawsuit demanding the referral of Refaat, to a disciplinary board, Egypt’s daily al-Masry al-Youm reported on Wednesday.

    The lawsuit was filed by a lawyer named Mostafa Ghoneim, who said Refaat admitted Mubarak to the courtroom lying on a bed with his feet facing the judges and the lawyers, which he considers an insult.

    According to the report published by al-Masry al-Youm, Ghoneim also said that Refaat allowed Former Interior Minister Habib al-Adly to sit alone on the front bench inside the court cage with his assistant behind him as if he still holds his rank, and that he did not separate the case of demonstrators’ deaths from the case of squandering public funds.

    The court said it has no jurisdiction to refer judges to disciplinary boards, an issue that is in the hands of the justice minister and not the State Council, which handles disputes between citizens and state institutions.

    The court listened Monday to the prosecution’s final case and the civil rights plaintiffs on the arguments raised by the defense in the case.
    Attorney General Moustafa Suleiman said that that slander and fabrication, either intentionally or unintentionally, by the defendants’ lawyers in Mubarak’s trial over the last month is against the law and requires legal action, a report carried out by the Daily News of Egypt said.

    Suleiman said in his closing remarks that the former president should be given the death penalty, saying he authorized the use of live ammunition and a shoot-to-kill policy against peaceful protesters.

    “This is not a case about the killing of one or ten or 20 civilians, but a case of an entire nation,” he told the court, according to the newspaper report.

    He explained that there are more than 1,500 witnesses who agreed that the police attacked demonstrators, and that it was impossible for the prosecution to reach the original perpetrators – the police officers – as they were distributed over the squares and in the middle of large crowds.

    “We hope that someone’s conscience is awoken and the unknown principal perpetrators are reported, but this doesn’t mean that the defendants will escape punishment,” he was quoted as saying by the Daily News of Egypt.

    As for accusing unidentified foreign elements and the security of the American University in Cairo (AUC) of killing protesters, Suleiman said that the investigation did not reach any of these elements, adding that the only role Hamas and Hezbollah played was smuggling their kin after storming Egyptian prisons.

    http://english.alarabiya.net/article...22/196218.html

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    Egyptian judge sets June 2 as date for verdict and sentence in trial of ex-President Mubarak

    An Egyptian judge on Wednesday set June 2 as the date for the verdict and sentencing in the trial of former President Hosni Mubarak.

    Mubarak, who ran Egypt for 30 years, is accused of complicity in the killing of protesters during the 18-day popular uprising that pushed him from power in February of last year. The prosecution is asking for the death penalty, usually carried out by hanging in Egypt.

    More than 800 people were killed during the uprisings, many of them demonstrators shot dead by security forces.

    Judge Ahmed Rifat said Wednesday that the final hearing, in which Mubarak will receive both his verdict and sentence, will be live on TV. Most media have been barred from the majority of the hearings in the seven-month trial.

    Egyptians have closely followed the case, and many see its slow progress as an indictment of the council of ruling army generals who took power when Mubarak stepped down.

    Critics of the military's handling of the transition to democracy say the trial's pace reflects a wider lack of justice for those killed in the uprising. Egyptian courts have so far not punished any police officers for the protester deaths.

    Others have criticized the prosecution's handling of the case, saying it has failed to present strong enough evidence to support a murder charge.

    Mubarak's defence team argues that he is still president, and thus can only be tried for treason or in a special court.

    Mubarak has rarely spoken during the trial, and turned down his last chance to address the court during the defence's final arguments Wednesday.

    "I have no comment," Mubarak told the judge Wednesday. "What the lawyer said is enough."

    Mubarak's Interior Minister at the time, however, spoke for an hour and a half, saying the uprising was the result of a foreign plot to destabilize Egypt.

    "I reaffirm before you that there were foreign saboteurs who desecrated Egypt's pure land and were supported by internal criminal elements with the aim of undermining Egypt's international and regional standing and attempting to destabilize its political, security and economic stability," said Habib el-Adly. He ran Mubarak's security services and faces the same charge.

    El-Adly said the plot involved "killing peaceful protesters, storming prisons to free terrorist and criminal elements, vandalizing public and private properties and burning policemen inside their vehicles."

    Dozens of policemen men were also killed during the uprising.

    El-Adly offered his condolences to the families of those killed, prompting lawyers in the room to shout, "Butcher! Execution!"

    Six other ranking security officers are being tried in the same case. Mubarak, his sons Gamal and Alaa and a close associate are being tried in a separate case on corruption charges.

    http://www.globaltoronto.com/world/e...481/story.html

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    Angry protests after Mubarak verdict

    Angry protests are breaking out across Cairo Saturday after judge Ahmed Refaat sentenced former President Hosni Mubarak and Habib al-Adly, his interior minister, to life in prison on charges of killing protesters during last year’s 18-day uprising. Although the two received the maximum prison sentence under Egyptian law, six of Adly's top deputies were allowed to walk free.

    Outside of the Police Academy in the Fifth Settlement on the eastern outskirts of Cairo, where the trial was held, families of the revolution’s martyrs clashed with Mubarak supporters.

    Riot police beat protesters from both sides. Four people were arrested at the clashes, Al Jazeera reported.

    Many of the martyrs’ families were disappointed with what they perceived as a light sentence for the former president. The judge had the option to hand down a death sentence. More than 800 people were killed by security forces during the uprising that lead to Mubarak’s resignation on 11 February last year.

    "[Mubarak] has to die just like my son did,” said Sanaa Saeed, whose son Moez al-Sayed was shot in Tahrir Square during the protests. “We need execution. They will let him escape. There is no justice in this country."

    Mostafa Mohamed Morsy, whose son Mohamed was killed during the uprising, promised to continue the revolution until Mubarak is executed. "They are fooling us," he said.

    Meanwhile, protesters are already assembling in downtown Cairo’s Tahrir Square, the epicenter of the revolution.

    “It’s theater, theater!” the protesters chanted. They are demanding the death penalty for Mubarak, Adly and the senior Interior Ministry officers who were acquitted. The protesters closed the Qasr al-Nil Bridge and Qasr al-Ainy Street, both of which lead into the square.

    In nearby Talaat Harb Square, scores of protesters are chanting “Death to the feloul [remnants of Mubarak’s regime].” Mubarak’s last prime minister, Ahmed Shafiq, is one of two candidates in the presidential runoff on 16 and 17 June.

    More protests are expected later in the day.

    http://www.egyptindependent.com/news...ubarak-verdict
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